Fibromyalgia

What is Fibromyalgia?

Although it is the most common musculoskeletal condition except degenerative arthritis, fibromyalgia is frequently misunderstood, even by medical professionals. It is often misdiagnosed, as it is a collection of symptoms that may have many possible causes. It is not uncommon for people to see multiple doctors over the course of several years before receiving a diagnosis. Women are particularly susceptible; men are 10 times less likely to develop fibromyalgia than women.

What Are the Symptoms of Fibromyalgia?

The number-one symptom of fibromyalgia is tender points at specific areas in the body, with chronic, widespread pain lasting more than three months. Fatigue and sleep disturbances are common; sleep problems may precede other fibromyalgia symptoms. Stiffness, numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, as well as hypersensitivity to heat or cold, may occur in some patients. Others may report chronic headaches, abdominal pain or irritable bowel syndrome. Some people develop “fibro fog,” which affects cognition and memory.

What are the Options for Fibromyalgia Treatment?

Fibromyalgia is one of those medical conditions that can't be cured. However, a variety of treatments may help manage symptoms. Medications are often used to reduce pain; some are opioids, while others target nerve pain. It's important to treat the sleep disturbances that accompany fibromyalgia, which can help reduce fatigue and improve mental functioning. Exercise, carefully balanced with rest, is important to help maintain muscle flexibility and strength. Some patients find therapeutic massage or acupuncture helpful.

Can Self-Management Help?

Since fibromyalgia is a chronic condition, self-management is often key to preventing acute flare-ups and managing activities of daily living. In addition to its effects on strength and flexibility, exercise promotes sleep and reduces depressive symptoms. However, adequate rest is also important. Patients with fibromyalgia must practice good sleep hygiene, which is one key to managing the condition. For example, they need a regular bedtime and a cool, dark room, and should limit caffeine and stimulating activities like television or computer use near bedtime.